Abuse of Authority & Hierarchy Communication analysis of article (Friebel & Raith, 2004 vol.35 (2))

Flow of information is hierarchy structured & international adenosine monophosphateere; required to take in chain of command

Hierarchical confabulation can prevent conflicts amidst superiors & group A; subordinates

Strategic Recruiting can occur

Open communication channel

Link between plague of managerial authority & hierarchy communication

Organisations have norms & rules

(Wilson 92 Guildsford 94, Diagonal communication links within geological formation, vol29)

Middle managers fear what subordinates whitethorn say to top managers

Upward Appraisals

(Baird 1977, Dynamics of organisational communication)

Its been reported that only 9% use this technique in organisations (Bettenhausen & Fedor 1997, Group and organisation centering vol22) Negative views are managers ordering undesirable tasks, withhold salary increases, making employees job more difficult verificatory view works best on flat hierarchy, fighting(a) management, good business environment (Dalton 1998, 5 Forces that affect 360 feedback process)

Pointers for communication openness Wage structure Effectiveness of recruiting good telephone wire managers Monitoring personnel decisions Job design

Social Comparison in virtual(prenominal)(prenominal) Work Environments (Deondra S.



Conner 2003, journal of occupational & organisational psychology vol76(1))

The virtual work environment is an emergent phenomenon

(Weisenfeld et al 2001, journal of management vol27(2))

The lack of physical proximity, changes the interactions & relationships between the parties involved (Alexander 1997, prospicient range planning vol30(1))

Working in a virtual context

(Crandall & Wallace 1997,Compensation and benefits review vol29(1)) has three degrees of virtualness;

Telecommuting stage, Front-line stage, Cyber link stage

Equity Theory (Adams 1963)

Consequently, once an person perceives inequity, there are six options:

Change their inputs

Change their outcomes

Distort perceptions of self

Distort perceptions of others

Choose a different referent

Leave or engage in withdrawal behaviours

Comparison Theory Research (Kulik & Ambrose 1992, Academy of management review vol17(2))

The use of such theories relieve various concepts like worker performance, perceptions of justice and fairness and turnover

A piece of work concluded that workers paid equitable wages were more...

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