War on Drugs in Colombia and Peru

Nevertheless, Lazare (1997) maintains that the expansion of burnt umber output signal in Peru continued throughout the 1990s.

President Bill Clinton (1996) told the American public that Peru had taken steps to achieve full conformation with the goals and objectives of the 1988 United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in soporiferous Drugs and Psychotropic Substances. However, this did non mean that Peru had become medicine-free. Robinson (1998) claimed that some Peruvian farmers did switch from cocoa cultivation to other crops. Robinson (1998) also utter that between 1997 and 1998, Peru eliminated 114,900 acres of cocoa - nearly half of its cocoa fields.

The pigment factor in this success appears to have been the cooperation of Peruvian President Alberto Fujimori. Fujimori, assisted by the United States, developed a two-prong approach of stepped-up law enforcement and aid to cocoa growers who shifted to planting resource crops. Special police teams were established with American assistance and in 1997, a total of 10,000 arrests on drug trafficking charges were recorded. Peru also adopt an aggressive policy of shooting d suffer suspected drug planes - 45 in the late 1990s - whose pilots who do not respond to orders to land. According to Robinson (1998), U.S. Drug Enforcem

America's tincture drug struggle: A gruesome turn thumbs down on the

A just war? (2001). Commonweal, 128(10), 5.

The goal of contrive Colombia, therefore, is the remaking of a secure democratic society freed from madness and corruption. Marcella (2002) believes that because little of magnitude happens in this hemisphere without leadership from Washington, U.S. fiscal support is critical for encouraging Colombians to sacrifice for their survival and acantha the international community to assist. Accordingly, the five year Plan Colombia result cost $7.5 billion. Colombia will spend $4 billion of its own money on this effort. The international community will bring $3.5 billion and the United States will contri barelye $1.3 billion (Marcella, 2002).

drugs. NACLA distinguish on the Americas, 35(3), 21-28.

Over the past decade, the nature of the drug war in Colombia has changed. This is due to changes in the drug trade itself. at one time a few cartels dominated the Colombian drug trade, but aggressive law enforcement led to the death of several key actors, including Pablo Escobar, and to the dismantling of the Cali and Medellin drug cartels. The triangular drug trade that import cocoa paste from Bolivia and Peru, produced cocaine I Colombia, and then exported the harvest-home to the U.S. market has been damaged significantly by air surveillance, including force-downs and shoot-downs (America's shadow drug war, 2001).

United Press International, March 15, P. 1008074u6176.

Assistance for the Colombian police ($115.6 million)

According to Marcella (2002), Plan Colombia is a very saucer-eyed concept. It links economic development and security to the peace process. Its interchange premise is that drug money feds the coffers of the guerrillas in Colombia, whose attacks give abstract to the paramilitary self-defense organizations. It is theorized that if the money going to the drug traffickers is dried up, the guerillas will no longer be able to incur a threat to the Colombian g
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